LandCare is a national movement aimed at restoring sustainability and productivity to land and water management in both rural and urban areas. It is holistic in nature, encompassing Integrated Sustainable Natural Resource Management (SNRM) where the primary causes of natural resource decline are recognised and addressed. LandCare is community based and community led and seeks to achieve sustainable livelihoods through capacity building, skills development and related strategies. LandCare involves partnerships with a wide range of groups from within and outside government. It is important to understand the LandCare ethic or philosophy, the LandCare Movement, and to distinguish this from the National LandCare Programme (NLP), which has hundreds of development projects throughout the country, funded by the National and Provincial Departments of Agriculture. It is also essential to identify those attributes that may distinguish LandCare from other environmental or natural resource policy and programme areas, or which link LandCare to these areas. The Government has established that it would like to see the conservation of natural resources encompassed within a broader LandCare South Africa Movement. This Movement is built from community-based initiatives within provincial structures and involve strong private sector and civil society participation.